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SYLLABUS

UNIT-1

Wave Optics Interference : Principle of Superposition – Interference of Light – Interference in Thin Films (Reflection Geometry) and Applications – Colors in Thin Films – Newton’s Rings – Determination of Wavelength and Refractive Index. Diffraction : Introduction – Fresnel and Fraunhofer Diffraction – Fraunhofer Diffraction Due to Single Slit, Double Slit – N-Slits (Qualitative) – Grating – Dispersive Power and Resolving Power of Grating (Qualitative). Polarization : Introduction-Types of Polarization – Polarization by Reflection, Refraction and Double Refraction – Nicol's Prism-Half Wave and Quarter Wave Plates.

UNIT-2

Lasers and Fiber Optics Lasers: Introduction – Characteristics of Laser – Spontaneous and Stimulated Emissions of Radiation – Einstein’s Coefficients – Population Inversion – Lasing Action – Pumping Mechanisms – Ruby Laser – He-Ne Laser – Applications of Lasers. Fiber Optics: Introduction – Principle of Optical Fiber – Acceptance Angle – Numerical Aperture – Classification of Optical Fibers Based on Refractive Index Profile and Modes – Propagation of Electromagnetic Wave Through Optical Fibers – Applications.

UNIT-3

Engineering Materials Dielectric Materials: Introduction – Dielectric Polarization – Dielectric Polarizability, Susceptibility and Dielectric Constant – Types of Polarizations – Electronic (Quantitative), Ionic (Quantitative) and Orientation Polarizations (Qualitative) – Lorentz Internal Field – Clausius-Mossotti Equation – Piezoelectricity. Magnetic Materials: Introduction – Magnetic dipole moment – Magnetization –Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability – Origin of Permanent Magnetic Moment – Classification of Magnetic Materials Dia, Para, Ferro, Antiferro and Ferrimagnetic Materials – Domain Concept for Ferromagnetism and Domain Walls (Qualitative) – Hysteresis – Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials – Eddy Currents – Engineering Applications.

UNIT-4

Acoustics and Ultrasonics Acoustics: Introduction – Requirements of Acoustically Good Hall – Reverberation – Reverberation Time – Sabine's Formula (Derivation Using Growth and Decay Method) – Absorption Coefficient and its Determination – Factors Affecting Acoustics of Buildings and Their Remedial Measures. Ultrasonics: Introduction – Properties – Production by Magnetostriction and Piezoelectric Methods – Detection – Acoustic Grating – Non Destructive Testing – Pulse Echo System Through Transmission and Reflection Modes – Applications.

UNIT-5

Crystallography and X-ray Diffraction Crystallography: Space Lattice, Basis, Unit Cell and Lattice Parameters – Bravais Lattice – Crystal System (3D) – Coordination Number – Packing Fraction of SC, BCC and FCC – Miller Indices – Separation between Successive (h k l) Planes. X-ray Diffraction: Bragg's Law – X-ray Diffractometer – Crystal Structure Determination by Laue's and Powder Methods