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Syllabus
Unit-1
DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING VING WORLD
Chapter 1 : The living world
What is living? Diversity in the living world; Taxonomic categories and taxonomical aids.
Chapter 2 : Biological Classification
Five kingdom classification - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia, Three domains of life (six kingdom classification), Viruses, Viroids, Prions & Lichens.
Chapter 3 : Science of Plants - Botany Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany.
Chapter 4 : Plant Kingdom
Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups –Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Unit-2
STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS- MORPHOLOGY
Chapter 5 : Morphology of flowering Plants
Vegetative :
Parts of a typical Angiospermic plant; Vegetative morphology and modifications- Root, Stem and Leaftypes; Venation, Phyllotaxy.
Reproductive:
Inflorescence – Racemose, Cymose and special types ( in brief).
Flower : Parts of a flower and their detailed description; Aestivation, Placentation.
Fruits : Types- True, False and parthenocarpic fruits.
Unit-3
REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
Chapter 6 : Modes of Reproduction
Asexual reproduction, binary fission, Sporulation, budding, fragmentation, vegetative propagation in plants, Sexual reproduction in brief, Overview of angiosperm life cycle.
Chapter 7 : Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Stamen, microsporangium, pollen grain. Pistil, megasporangium (ovule) and embryo sac; Development
of male and female gametophytes.
Pollination – Types, agents , Out breeding devices and Pollen – Pistil interaction.
Double Fertilization; Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed.
Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony.
Unit-4
PLANT SYSTEMATICS
Chapter 8 : Taxonomy of Angiosperms
Introduction
Types of Systems of classification (In brief).
Semi-Technical description of a typical flowering plant
Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae.
Unit-5
CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Chapter 9 : Cell – The Unit of Life
Cell- Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life- overview of the cell. Prokaryotic cells, Ultra Structure of Plant cell (structure in detail and functions in brief), Cell membrane,
Cell wall, Cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, Plastids, Ribosomes, Golgi bodies, Vacuoles, Lysosomes,
Microbodies, Centrosome and Centriole, Cilia, Flagella, Cytoskeleton and Nucleus.
Chromosomes: Number, structural organization; Nucleosome.
Chapter 10 : Biomolecules
Structure and function of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic acids.
Chapter 11 : Cell cycle and Cell Division
Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis - significance.
Unit-6
INTERNAL ORGANISATION OF PLANTS
Chapter 12 : Histology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Tissues - Types, structure and functions: Meristematic;
Permanent tissues - Simple and Complex tissues.
Tissue systems - Types, structure and function: Epidermal, Ground and Vascular tissue systems.
Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous plants - Root, Stem and Leaf.
Secondary growth in Dicot stem and Dicot root.
Unit-7
PLANT ECOLOGY
Chapter 13 : Ecological Adaptations, Succession and Ecological Services
Introduction.
Plant communities and Ecological adaptations: Hydrophytes,
Mesophytes and Xerophytes.
Plant succession.
Ecological services – Carbon fixation, Oxygen release and pollination (in brief).
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