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1.1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY NATURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES: – Definition, Scope and Importance – Need for Public Awareness
1.2 NATURAL RESOURCES : Renewable and non-renewable resources – Natural resources and associated problems
1.3 Forest resources – Use and over – exploitation, deforestation, case studies – Timber extraction – Mining, dams and other effects on forest and tribal people
1.4 Water resources – Use and over utilization of surface and ground water – Floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams – benefits and problems
1.5 Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies
1.6 Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies
1.7 Energy resources
2.1 ECOSYSTEMS: Concept of an ecosystem. – Structure and function of an ecosystem – Producers, consumers and decomposers
2.2 Energy flow in the ecosystem – Ecological succession – Food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids
2.3 Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the following ecosystem: Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)
2.4 BIODIVERSITY AND ITS CONSERVATION : Introduction 0 Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity – Bio-geographical classification of India
2.5 Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, Productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values – Biodiversity at global, National and local levels – India as a mega-diversity nation – Hot-sports of biodiversity
2.6 Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – Endangered and endemic species of India
2.7 Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity
3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of : Air Pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Marine pollution, Noise pollution, Thermal pollution, Nuclear hazards
3.2 Projections of Planes: Projections of regular plane surfaces,plane surfaces inclined to both planes.
3.3 Role of an individual in prevention of pollution – Pollution case studies
3.4 Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
4.1 SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT: From Unsustainable to Sustainable development – Urban problems related to energy
4.2 Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management
4.3 Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns. Case studies
4.4 Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions
4.5 Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies
4.6 Wasteland reclamation. – Consumerism and waste products.
4.7 Environment Protection Act. – Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. – Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act
4.8 Wildlife Protection Act – Forest Conservation Act
4.9 Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation – Public awareness.
5.1 HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT: Population growth, variation among nations
5.2 Population explosion – Family Welfare Programmed
5.3 Environment and human health – Human Rights – Value Education – HIV/AIDS – Women and Child Welfare
5.4 Role of information Technology in Environment and human health – Case studies
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CategoriesGeneral Engineering
Format EPUB
TypeeBook